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Registros recuperados: 28 | |
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Herzfeld, Thomas; Huffman, Sonya Kostova; Oskam, Arie J.; Rizov, Marian. |
This paper examines the changes in nutritional behavior of Russian adults over the ten-year transition period, between 1994 and 2004. We present evidence on the impact of individual as well as regional characteristics on changes in fat, protein, alcohol and cigarette consumption, and on diversity of diet. The results from a dynamic empirical model suggest that among microeconomic determinants, initial levels of consumption, gender, holding a university degree, and having access to a garden plot have a significant impact on the changes in consumption behavior in Russia. Regarding the macroeconomic variables, economic growth has a significant impact on changes in fat and protein consumption and on alcohol use, while unemployment changes significantly... |
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Consumption; Smoking; Alcohol; Economic transition; Russia; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety. |
Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49239 |
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Herzfeld, Thomas; Huffman, Sonya Kostova; Oskam, Arie J.; Rizov, Marian. |
This paper examines the changes in nutritional behavior of Russian adults over the ten-year transition period, between 1994 and 2004. We present evidence on the impact of individual as well as regional characteristics on changes in fat, protein, alcohol and cigarette consumption, and on diversity of diet. The results from a dynamic empirical model suggest that among microeconomic determinants, initial levels of consumption, gender, holding a university degree, and having access to a garden plot have a significant impact on the changes in consumption behavior in Russia. Regarding the macroeconomic variables, economic growth has a significant impact on changes in fat and protein consumption and on alcohol use, while unemployment changes significantly impact... |
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Consumption; Smoking; Alcohol; Economic transition; Russia; Consumer/Household Economics. |
Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49941 |
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Bianchim,M.S.; Sperandio,E.F.; Martinhão,G.S.; Matheus,A.C.; Lauria,V.T.; da Silva,R.P.; Spadari,R.C.; Gagliardi,A.R.T.; Arantes,R.L.; Romiti,M.; Dourado,V.Z.. |
The autonomic nervous system maintains homeostasis, which is the state of balance in the body. That balance can be determined simply and noninvasively by evaluating heart rate variability (HRV). However, independently of autonomic control of the heart, HRV can be influenced by other factors, such as respiratory parameters. Little is known about the relationship between HRV and spirometric indices. In this study, our objective was to determine whether HRV correlates with spirometric indices in adults without cardiopulmonary disease, considering the main confounders (e.g., smoking and physical inactivity). In a sample of 119 asymptomatic adults (age 20-80 years), we evaluated forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1). We... |
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Autonomic nervous system; Spirometry; Smoking. |
Ano: 2016 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2016000300702 |
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Ribeiro,V.S.; Figueiredo,F.P.; Silva,A.A.M.; Batista,R.L.F.; Barbieri,M.A.; Lamy Filho,F.; Alves,M.T.S.S.B.; Santos,A.M.; Bettiol,H.. |
The prevalence of smoking during pregnancy in Ribeirão Preto, a rich Brazilian city, was significantly higher (21.4%) than in São Luís (5.9%), a less developed city. To assess which variables explain the difference in prevalence of smoking during pregnancy, data from two birth cohorts were used, including 2846 puerperae from Ribeirão Preto, in 1994, and 2443 puerperae from São Luís, in 1997/98. In multivariable analysis, risk of maternal smoking during pregnancy was higher in São Luís for mothers living in a household with five or more persons (OR = 1.72, 95%CI = 1.12-2.64), aged 35 years or older (OR = 1.98, 95%CI = 0.99-3.96), who had five or more children (OR = 2.10, 95%CI = 1.16-3.81), and whose companion smoked (OR = 2.20, 95%CI = 1.52-3.18). Age of... |
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Smoking; Pregnancy; Risk factors; Perinatal complications; Placenta previa. |
Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2007000900007 |
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SOUZA,ELISA S.T. DE; ARAÚJO,LUIZA F. DE; ALENCAR,DAYSE O. DE; SANTOS,SIDNEY E.B. DOS; SILVA Jr,WILSON A.; FERREIRA,CRISTIANE A.; BADDINI-MARTINEZ,JOSÉ. |
The higher proportion of smokers among Black people in Brazil has been attributed to socioeconomic disparities, but genetic factors could also contribute for this finding. This study aimed at investigating associations between smoking status with genetically defined ethnic ancestry and socioeconomic features in Brazilians. Blood samples were collected from 448 volunteers (66.7% male; age: 37.1±11.4 years) classified as current smokers (CS: 60.9%), former smokers (FS: 8.9%) and never smokers (NS: 30.1%). Individual interethnic admixtures were determined using a 48 insertion-deletion polymorphisms ancestry-informative-marker panel. CS showed a lower amount of European ancestry than NS (0.837±0.243 X 0.883±0.194, p≤0.05) and FS (0.837±0.243 X 0.864±0.230,... |
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Smoking; Ethnicity and health; Genetics; CYP2A6. |
Ano: 2015 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652015000100447 |
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López,R.V.M.; Zago,M.A.; Eluf-Neto,J.; Curado,M.P.; Daudt,A.W.; da Silva-Junior,W.A.; Zanette,D.L.; Levi,J.E.; de Carvalho,M.B.; Kowalski,L.P.; Abrahão,M.; de Góis-Filho,J.F.; Boffetta,P.; Wünsch-Filho,V.. |
The association of education, tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption, and interleukin-2 (IL-2 +114 and -384) and -6 (IL-6 -174) DNA polymorphisms with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) was investigated in a cohort study of 445 subjects. IL-2 and IL-6 genotypes were determined by real-time PCR. Cox regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) of disease-specific survival according to anatomical sites of the head and neck. Mean age was 56 years and most patients were males (87.6%). Subjects with 5 or more years of schooling had better survival in larynx cancer. Smoking had no effect on HNSCC survival, but alcohol consumption had a statistically significant effect on larynx cancer. IL-2 gene +114 G/T (HR =... |
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Smoking; Alcohol; Interleukin; Head and neck cancer; Cancer prognosis; Survival analysis. |
Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2011001000005 |
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Battah,Khairat A; Badran,Darwish H; Shraideh,Ziad A. |
The liver is one of the major organs that is indirectly affected by cigarette smoke. The aim of this project is to define the histologic and ultrastructural changes in normal liver cells after exposing animals to cigarette smoke. Thirty albino rats were exposed to cigarette smoke for 90 days, followed by morphologic examination of their livers under light microscope and electron microscope. The liver cells of cigarette smoke exposed rats showed mild swelling with increased eosinophilia. Ultrastructural examination of these cells demonstrated cytoplasm with highly proliferated and crowded mitochondria. There were many electron dense mitochondria. These mitochondria were pleomorphic in shape compared to mitochondrias of control rats. Also, loss of... |
Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Liver; Smoking; Mitochondria; Ultrastructure. |
Ano: 2016 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022016000400011 |
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Conway,S.G.; Roizenblatt,S.S.; Palombini,L.; Castro,L.S.; Bittencourt,L.R.A.; Silva,R.S.; Tufik,S.. |
To evaluate the effect of smoking habits on sleep, data from 1492 adults referred to the Sleep Institute were accessed and divided into 3 categories of smoking status: current, former and non-smokers. Categories of pack-years (<15 and ≥15) defined smoking severity. The association of smoking status and smoking severity with sleep was analyzed for sleep parameters, especially apnea and hypopnea index (AHI) ≥5, more than 5% of total sleep time (TST) spent with oxyhemoglobin saturation (SaO2) <90%, and arousal index. The arousal index was higher among current (21 ± 17) and former smokers (20 ± 17) than non-smokers (17 ± 15; P < 0.04). Former smokers had a higher percent of TST at SaO2 <90% than non-smokers (9 ± 18 vs 6 ± 13; P < 0.04). Former... |
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Smoking; Tobacco; Smoking cessation; Sleep; Sleep-disordered breathing. |
Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2008000800014 |
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Cardinal, Mireille; Cornet, Josiane; Serot, Thierry; Baron, Regis. |
The relationship between smoking parameters and odour characteristics, evaluated by a trained sensory panel.. were studied on smoked herring. In addition, a possible correlation between the content of 10 phenolic compounds and sensory perceptions was investigated. Five smoking techniques were applied, combining smoke production conditions, performed by pyrolysis of beech wood sawdust or by friction of beech wood log, with smoke deposition, either in a controlled kiln (traditional smoking) or by an electrostatic process. In the fifth smoking technique, a purified condensate of beech smokes was vaporised on fish fillets in the smokehouse. The time of smoking was 3 It for traditional smoking and the liquid smoke atomisation process and 12 min for the... |
Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Odour characteristics; Sensory evaluation; Phenolic compounds; Smoking; Herring. |
Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-827.pdf |
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Almeida,S.; Hutz,M.H.. |
Estrogen has multiple effects on lipid and lipoprotein metabolism. We investigated the association between the four common single nucleotide polymorphisms in the estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) gene locus, -1989T>G, +261G>C, IVS1-397T>C and IVS1-351A>G, and lipid and lipoprotein levels in southern Brazilians. The sample consisted in 150 men and 187 premenopausal women. The women were considered premenopausal if they had regular menstrual bleeding within the previous 3 months and were 18-50 years of age. Exclusion criteria were pregnancy, secondary hyperlipidemia due to renal, hepatic or thyroid disease, and diabetes. Smoking status was self-reported; subjects were classified as never smoked and current smokers. DNA was amplified by PCR and was... |
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other |
Palavras-chave: Estrogen; Estrogen receptor 1 variants; Lipid levels; Smoking. |
Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2008001000007 |
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Knockaert, Camille. |
The purpose of the study presented in this report is to demonstrate the feasibility of electrostatic smoking applied to fish and to present a pilot which will foreshadow an industrial model. If the idea of using high voltage to accelerate the depositing of smoke compounds goes back to the 1920's, its application to sea produce has still not become common practice. The essential reason for this comes from the fact that reducing smoking time restricts drying time by as much. A new salting/drying technique - Oewatering Impregnation Soaking (DIS) - means, that products with a requisite salt and water content can be smoked. Electrostatic smoking therefore allows processing time to be cut by more than twelve compared to the traditional method (herring and... |
Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Fumage électrostatique; Pilote électrostatique; Smoking; Electrostatic pilot. |
Ano: 1995 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00004/11563/8154.pdf |
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Molinari, Nicolas; Abou-badra, Mathieu; Marin, Gregory; Ky, Chin-long; Amador, Noemi; Gamez, Anne Sophie; Vachier, Isabelle; Bourdin, Arnaud. |
Background: COPD is largely under-diagnosed and once diagnosed usually at a late stage. Early diagnosis is thoroughly recommended but most attempts failed as the disease is marginally known and screening marginally accepted. It is a rare cause of concern in primary care and spirometry is not very common. Exhaled carbon monoxide (eCO) is a 5-seconds easy-to-use device dedicated to monitor cigarette smoke consumption. We aimed to assess whether systematic eCO measurement in primary care is a useful tool to improve acceptance for early COPD diagnosis. Methods: This was a two-center randomized controlled trial enrolling 410 patients between March and May, 2013. Whatever was the reason of attendance to the clinic, all adults were proposed to measure eCO during... |
Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: COPD; Screening; Exhaled CO; Smoking; Behaviour. |
Ano: 2015 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00270/38142/36280.pdf |
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Hubacek,Jaroslav A.; Lanska,Vera; Adamkova,Vera. |
Smoking has a significant heritable component of approximately 30-60%. Recent genome wide association studies have identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the nicotinic cholinergic receptor subunits 3 (rs578776), 5 (rs16969968) and β3 (rs6474412), which are associated with nicotine dependence in Western European populations. To analyze the association in a Czech population, we genotyped 1,191 males and 1,368 females (post-MONICA study). The WHO protocol was used to examine smoking status and the number of cigarettes smoked per day. There were 32.1% current and 27.6% past smokers among the males and 22.5% current and 13.8% past smokers among the females. We have not confirmed the original results: the SNPs rs16969968 (p = 0.07), rs578776 (p... |
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Cholinergic receptors; Polymorphism; Smoking. |
Ano: 2014 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572014000500004 |
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Binkley, James K.. |
People with low incomes tend to make less healthy consumption choices than do high income people. In the case of food, agricultural economists have investigated whether this is due to the cost of a healthy diet. Studies of various aspects of the nutrition-income nexus have generally been inconclusive. We investigate a different possibility, motivated by the fact that low income individuals are most likely to be smokers, which cannot be due to limited budgets. Drawing on a body of related literature, we develop a model in which income serves not only as a budget constraint but also as a source of future utility. We test the model by estimating logistic models of beginning and quitting smoking. We find support for the idea that low income consumers make less... |
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Income; Food Choice; Smoking; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; D12; I12; I18. |
Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58419 |
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Zhang,S.; Xie,J.G.; Su,B.T.; Li,J.L.; Hu,N.; Chen,J.; Luo,G.W.; Cui,T.P.. |
Milk fat globule epidermal growth factor 8 (MFG-E8) is an opsonin involved in the phagocytosis of apoptotic cells. In patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), apoptotic cell clearance is defective. However, whether aberrant MFG-E8 expression is involved in this defect is unknown. In this study, we examined the expression of MFG-E8 in COPD patients. MFG-E8, interleukin (IL)-1β and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β levels were measured in the plasma of 96 COPD patients (93 males, 3 females; age range: 62.12±10.39) and 87 age-matched healthy controls (85 males, 2 females; age range: 64.81±10.11 years) using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Compared with controls, COPD patients had a significantly lower plasma MFG-E8 levels (P<0.01)... |
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Apoptosis; COPD; MFG-E8; Phagocytosis; Smoking. |
Ano: 2015 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2015001101032 |
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Neves,C.D.C.; Lacerda,A.C.R.; Lage,V.K.S.; Lima,L.P.; Tossige-Gomes,R.; Fonseca,S.F.; Rocha-Vieira,E.; Teixeira,M.M.; Mendonça,V.A.. |
Chronic exposure to cigarette smoke seems to be related to an increase of pro-inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress and changes in muscular and physical performances of healthy smokers. However, these parameters have not yet been evaluated simultaneously in previous studies. The participants of this study were healthy males divided into two groups: smokers (n=20) and non-smokers (n=20). Inflammation was evaluated by measuring plasma levels of the cytokines IL-10, IL-6 e TNF-α, and of the soluble receptors sTNFR1 and sTNFR2. Oxidative stress was evaluated by determination of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) plasma levels, total antioxidant capacity of plasma and erythrocytes activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD)... |
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Inflammation; Muscle endurance; Redox balance; Smoking; Tobacco cigarette. |
Ano: 2016 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2016001100702 |
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Registros recuperados: 28 | |
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